MANAGEMENT MODEL FOR DEVELOPING GREEN SKILLS   IN VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING: INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE  AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR VIETNAM

Pham Ngoc Anh; Nguyen Thi Ngoc Lien

Pham Ngoc Anh	phamnanh2@yahoo.co.uk	German International Cooperation Organisation - GIZ 49 Hai Ba Trung street, Cua Nam ward, Hanoi, Vietnam
Nguyen Thi Ngoc Lien*	liennn@hnue.edu.vn	Hanoi National University of Education 136 Xuan Thuy street, Cau Giay ward, Hanoi, Vietnam

Summary:

The transition to a green economy requires not only new professional competencies but also effective governance systems to ensure the integration and delivery of green skills in vocational education and training (VET). Drawing on international experience from Germany, Denmark, the United Kingdom, Switzerland, Singapore, Malaysia, and South Korea, this article examines five interrelated dimensions: Governance, finance, institutional capacity, learner participation, and mechanisms of assessment and feedback. In the context of Vietnam’s National Green Growth Strategy 2021–2030 and its COP26 commitment to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050, the analysis highlights systemic limitations, particularly in intersectoral coordination, performance based financing, and institutional capacity for curriculum innovation aligned with sustainable development. The study adopts a challenge based approach, integrating evidence-informed policy analysis with an examination of Vietnam’s governance and institutional setting. Based on this, it advances a model that emphasizes collaborative governance, diversified financial resources, targeted capacity building, and robust monitoring and evaluation. This framework not only equips learners with essential green skills but also provides policymakers and training institutions with actionable insights to foster a sustainable and competitive economy.

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Keywords:

Green skills

Vocational education and training

sustainable development

institutional capacity

regular monitoring and feedback.

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Journal:

No. 3, December 2025

VIETNAM JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES

THE VIETNAM NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES

MANAGEMENT MODEL FOR DEVELOPING GREEN SKILLS IN VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING: INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR VIETNAM