THE 1950 EDUCATION REFORM IN VIETNAM: HISTORICAL LEGACY AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAMESE EDUCATION

The 1950 Education reform marked a significant turning point, establishing for the first time a comprehensive educational system to replace the colonial–feudal model, guided by the principles of “National – Scientific – Mass”. This article examines the historical context, key innovations in school structure, curricula, and textbooks, as well as teaching methods and teacher policies, and highlights the reform’s achievements and challenges. It further clarifies the long-term impacts on the development of revolutionary education in Vietnam and its legacy in subsequent reforms. It draws policy implications for the present status, particularly for implementing Resolution No.71-NQ/ TW, which envisions Vietnam among the world’s top 20 education systems by 2045.