PROPOSING AN EMI-ELT INTEGRATED FRAMEWORK FOR ENGLISH TEACHING  TOWARDS VIETNAM’S NATIONAL LANGUAGE POLICY

Nguyen Thi Quynh Hoa

Nguyen Thi Quynh Hoa	hoantq3@fe.edu.vn	FPT University Km29 Thang Long Bourlevard, Hoa Lac ward, Hanoi, Vietnam

Summary:

To date, no published theoretical framework has clarified the relationship between English Language Teaching and English Medium Instruction in alignment with the three-phase roadmap of Decision No.2371, which aims to establish English as a second language in the national education system by 2045. This study addresses this gap by examining the structural limitations of the two approaches when implemented separately and proposing an integrated approach aligned with policy stages. The study uses document analysis and research synthesis, drawing on purposively selected literature from Vietnam and comparable English-as-a-foreign-language contexts in the Asia Pacific region (2018-2025). The findings indicate that English Language Teaching lacks authentic contexts for language use. At the same time, English Medium Instruction presupposes academic language proficiency that the current system does not adequately support, creating a cyclical mismatch between preparation and demand. In response, the study proposes the coordinated language and content ecosystem alignment and reinforcement framework, emphasizing the staged integration of English Language Teaching and English Medium Instruction. The framework offers implications for curriculum design, teacher development, and language-in-education policy in Vietnam.

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Keywords:

ELT

EMI

language policy

Integration

language ecosystem.

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Journal:

No. 9, September 2026

VIETNAM JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES

THE VIETNAM NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES

PROPOSING AN EMI-ELT INTEGRATED FRAMEWORK FOR ENGLISH TEACHING TOWARDS VIETNAM’S NATIONAL LANGUAGE POLICY